Jan 22

Articles

Escalation of Ukraine Crisis and Russia-West Geopolitical Rivalry: Implications for Regional Stability, Security and Peace
Saranya Antony A

This paper examines the Ukraine-Russia border tensions in 2021, West-Russia geopolitical rivalry over Ukraine, and its implications for the region's stability, security, and peace. The recent Russian military build-up at Ukraine's pro-Russian Donbas border, followed by invasion and the Russophobic response of US, North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), European Union (EU), and Ukraine have attracted international attention. The US and European powers considered the Ukraine Crisis of 2014 and Crimea annexation as Russian aggression and imposed punitive sanctions against the country. The US, West, and Russia brokered Minsk Agreements for peacebuilding remain deadlocked now. The Ukraine crisis and Russia's reaction are the outcomes of the US-led West's strategy of NATO-EU eastern enlargement and democracy promotion in Russia's geopolitical backyard, which Russia sees as a threat to its national security and regional stability. In fact, recently Vladimir Putin and Joe Biden held a summit over Ukraine in December 2021. The US warned Russia of strong military retaliation and economic sanctions. Putin asserted Russophobia as a step towards genocide and sought guarantees against NATO's expansion towards Russia and weapons deployment near its border to diffuse tension and break the deadlock. Given the complexity of the crisis, it remains to be seen whether there will be peaceful conflict resolution through diplomacy and dialogue despite differences.

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Divided by Borders Connected by Blue Line: Prospects and Lessons for Sustainable Ocean Governance in the Indian Ocean Region
Parikshit Thakur

In last few decades, oceans are perceived only as everyone's resource but no one's responsibility. After the publication of Gunter Pauli's book The Blue Economy (2010) and declaration of UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), there is a call for efficient and sustainable use of ocean resources. Blue economy is all about ocean- related sustainable development model and has a huge potential in income and employment generation. A fundamental change is required in the way the world's marine economy is managed. The Indian subcontinent (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Maldives) has a huge coastline, but unlike Small Island Developing States (SIDS), it is hardly able to develop a comprehensive, integrated blue economy policy at regional level due to border and other disputed transboundary issues. All the above-mentioned countries of the Indian subcontinent are part of Indian Ocean Rim region but not part of the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) which can play a potential role in building a comprehensive strategy for sustainable management of the Indian Ocean. The Covid-19 pandemic has affected most of the sectors associated with blue economy. However, the pandemic has also delivered unusual environmental benefits through reduced economic activity and consequent curb on ocean emissions and air and water pollution. Therefore, the objective of the paper is to understand the prospects and lessons of blue economy in the post-pandemic world order as a common policy paradigm in the Indian subcontinent region for sustainable ocean governance in the near future.

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Economic Sovereignty of India: A Realist Perspective
Jasjeev Singh Sahni, Zinnia Aurora and Keshav Chandra Tiwari

The progression of post-independence Indian foreign and geoeconomic policy has been governed by diverse factors, owing to changes in political narratives and economic and structural transformations. This study explores the gravity of economic sovereignty-the determination of supremacy and capacity of the governing institutional apparatus based on economic decisions-in Indian foreign policymaking. It elucidates the theoretical precepts of economic sovereignty while juxtaposing it to the realist theory of international relations, devising an operational understanding by qualifying its constituent conditioning elements. It discerns India's strategic choices and orientation to realism, and finally analyzing the mainstream scholastic schools of Indian foreign policy and geoeconomic thought with respect to the operative comprehension of economic sovereignty. It is concluded that as the baton passed from one Indian geoeconomics school to the next, India has concertedly shifted from the realist and high economic sovereignty continuum to a refined geoeconomic policy of judicious trade and trade-offs.

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India's Space Program in the Emerging New World Order and Its Relevance in South East Asia
Baruna Kumar Behera

Year 2020 will be a watershed in world politics given the continuing repercussions of the Covid-19 pandemic. The outbreak of this pandemic and its impact seem to suggest the arrival of a new world order. The role of China in the outbreak of this disease has been a subject of discussion, although the World Health Organization (WHO) has given it a clean chit. However, the Western world continues to suspect China's role in the outbreak. This suspicion has drawn a new fault line between the US and China. This new world order, which will be built on a struggle for dominance in international affairs, will have two major poles, with leadership held by two countries: the US (current superpower) and China (emerging superpower). Cold War power politics will resurface, with Asia

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